World Health Organization Essay

Genetically modified food, also known as GM food refer to as animals or plants that had their genetic makeup altered to make them grow bigger, stay fresher and other benefits that will make human life more simple. The concept of genetically modified (GM) foods has existed for many years. Cross-breeding of plants, has been applied before with the purpose of transferring a desirable trait from one plant species to another. However, a substantial amount of time is required to obtain a specific result. This is because all of the genes are pooled together and numerous attempts are required for the production of offsprings with the preferred trait. Tomatoes are the first GM crop introduced to the world. Although genetically modified foods arises many concerns regarding its safety and consequences of consumption, the real question posed by the society is whether these GM foods should be banned for the benefit of mankind. Even if GM foods have been known to trigger allergic reactions and toxicities, is environmentally hazardous and costly, it should not be banned because it is confirmed to be beneficial to human health, environmentally friendly and able to improve the quality and quantity of life. This report is mainly focused on the benefits of GM food towards mankind. This is due to GM foods being present in almost all countries worldwide. Additionally, to fulfill ever-increasing needs of humans, conventional crops are genetically being replaced by GM crops. (World Health Organization) GM food brings many advantages to mankind. First of all, GM food that was engineered genetically is able to sustain favorable human health and enrich the wellbeing of its consumers. This is because it can remove the malnutrition problem faced by the current world and GM crops can be modified to become edible vaccines to reduce vulnerability towards diseases. Malnutrition problems can be solved by introducing GM foods enhanced with nutrition that humans are lacked of, such as vitamin D and iron that will cause rickets in children or osteoporosis in aged adults as well as iron deficiency. Susceptibility to a certain disease can be reduced if edible vaccines are added into the GM foods such as the GM banana. Hepatitis B can be prevented by eating such genetically modified bananas. Genetically modified foods can remove malnutrition problems faced by mankind today. Vitamins and minerals can be inserted into GM crops such as GM rice to make humans healthier. GM rice contains high amounts of Vitamin A compared to non-GM rice. The other malnutrition problem often faced by humans is iron deficiency. Approximately two billion people prove to be tested positive for iron deficiency. As such, researchers have invested in GM rice by intensifying the iron content in polished rice to solve the iron deficiency problem. The genes that were inserted into the GM foods have a positive effect on the accumulation of iron in the rice kernel that causes the GM rice to contain 6 times more iron compared to the original variety. Some GM crops are modified to become edible vaccines that can reinforce the immune system of humans. Some GM crops have been inserted with DNA sequences encoding for antibodies into their genome. This enables the crops to produce antibiotics in their cells. GM crops such as banana, tomato and potato have been altered to contain bacterial or rotavirus antigens. Large scaled immunizations can be made by introducing edible vaccines to patients, rendering the vaccinations of these diseases considerably easier, painless, and accessible. Per se, antibodies contained in such GM foods will be able to enhance the immune system of human bodies to combat against pathogens when consumed orally. Therefore, it will not be uncommon in the near future when humans can merely ingest GM tomatoes instead of waiting in line to see a doctor. (Galina 2006) Opponents of GM foods claim that GM foods are potentially risky to human health. They assert that GM foods will trigger an allergin in the human body should it be eaten. There is a possibility that a new allergen will be created and result in susceptible individuals exhibiting symptoms of allergic reactions when a foreign gene is introduced into a crop. GM foods are genetically engineered to have their allergenic-causing proteins to be removed. As such, they do not contain potentially harmful proteins as compared to non-GM foods such as peanuts, cereals and eggs. Producing hypoallergenic GM foods would be a desired commodity as these foods will possess the ability to notably decrease the danger of adverse reactions. (Union of Concerned Scientists 2009) One of the benefits introducing GM foods is that the plantation of GM crops is environmentally affable. Currently, our world is afflicted with the issue of pollution. To rectify this problem, GM crops are modified to resistance to insect and pest attack as well as to herbicides. Additionally, another process which is applied in an effort to make GM crops environmentally friendly is phytoremediation. Therefore, pollution can be greatly reduced and eventually be eliminated altogether. Phytoremediation is defined as the rectification of environmental issues through the usage of plants which alleviate the environmental problem without the need to relocate and dispose contaminant materials somewhere else. (World Health Organization 2002) With the population of the world growing substantially each year, significant amounts of stress are placed on resources of land fit for plantation, water, energy, as well as other biological reserves to supply sufficient food whilst sustaining the coherence of the ecosystem. Roughly 1 to 2 billion humans suffer from malnourishment, signifying a sign of scarce food supply, low incomes and sparse allocation of food supplies. Introduction of GM foods have greatly lessened the problem. GM crops are modified to produce greater amounts and increase the nutritional value in crop-derived foods. Substantial amounts of products are able to solve the world food crisis. Desperate pleas for richer, better-off countries to utilize genetic engineering in diminishing famines are a result of thousands losing their lives daily and millions on the verge of starvation. By revising the genetic make-up of plant strains, biotechnology will be able notably lessen world hunger. Crops can be engineered to resist diseases, resulting in the quantity of yield succumbing to disease to decrease. In another case, cold-resistant crops are able to benefit countries enduring from winter the whole year round. (Union of Concerned Scientists 2009) GM foods have raised much controversy in many nations throughout the world. People are still indecisive in their choice to consume products containing GM foods. It stands to be true that doubts concerning GM foods were widespread when first introduced to the public, but through many years of experimental analysis as well as safety tests, GM foods have been confirmed to be safe for human consumption with numerous benefits as a bonus. In fact, GM foods are essential now in resolving the crisis of hunger and scarcity of food around the world. Acceptance of GM foods are beginning to increase significantly over the years as more and more people are convinced of their benefits in terms of cost, health, and nature. (Galina 2006). Therefore, it cannot be denied that GM foods should be legalized for the benefit of mankind. As mentioned in the report, GM foods promote good human health, are environmentally friendly. Hence, it is irrefutable that its advantages totally outweigh its drawbacks and that GM foods are the way to go in ensuring a brighter future for us and for the whole world. Bibliography World Health Organization. (Internet). (2002). Foods derived from modern technology: 20 questions on genetically modified foods.(2012) Available from: http://www. who. int/foodsafety/publications/biotech/20questions/en/index. php Union of Concerned Scientists (2009). Failure to Yield: Biotechnology’s Broken Promises. Cambridge, MA, Union of Concerned Scientists. 2012. http://www. ucsusa. org/assets/documents/food_and_agriculture/failure-to-yield-brochure. pdf Gaivoronskaia, Galina (2006). Consumers with Allergic Reaction to Food: Perception of and Response to Food Risk in General and Genetically Modified Food in Particular. 2012. http://www. jstor. org/stable/29733966.

1984 and Metropolis Essay Essay

The quote â€Å"The object of power is power† is heavily supported by George Orwell’s 1949 novel ‘1984’ and Fritz Lang’s 1927 film ‘Metropolis’ through their intertextual connections and shared perspectives. Both texts were composed around the context of pre and post World War 2 which is clearly evident through their settings, characterisation, themes and ideas. Through Orwell’s and Fritz’s use of dystopic societies, empowerment of women and detrimental dictatorship rule it is blatant that George Orwell’s quote â€Å"The object of power is power† is quite strongly supported by the intertextual connections and shared perspectives of Orwell’s ‘1984’ and Lang’s ‘Metropolis’. Through the use of Orwell’s and Lang’s intertextual connections of political reform and shared perspectives of dystopic societies it becomes apparent that the quote â€Å"The object of power is power† is strongly supported throughout the two texts. The meaning of this quote is also made abundantly clear within the texts as the dictatorship rulers within both texts acquire power simply to have power and authority, instead of for the good of the people. This features predominantly in both texts through their shared perspectives on dystopic settings made apparent by their use of symbolism. In Orwell’s ‘1984’ only 2% of the populace resides in the ‘Inner Party’ whilst the other 98% is suppressed within the lower classes in either the ‘Outer Party’ or the ‘Proles’. This totalitarian, power based society is made dystopic by the overwhelming power and control exhibited by the tyrant dictator ‘Big Brotherâ €™. This is emphasised through Orwell’s use of symbolism in O’Brien’s words as he says â€Å"If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face – for ever.† (pg 307) The symbolism between the boot and big brother, and the human face and society emphasises the suppressive nature of this totalitarianism rule, casting the society into dystopia. This also forms a contextual connection to Nazi Germany’s strive for a totalitarianism society. This same idea of a dystopic society is epitomised within Lang’s film, ‘Metropolis’ through the suppression of the working class in ‘the depths’ by the powerful master, Joh Frederson. The working class in this film are forced to endure agonising labour in extremely dangerous environments whilst the upper class, the ‘sons’ are free to live at their will. The dystopic setting of the ‘depths’ becomes evident  through Lang’s use of symbolism when the dictator’s son, Freder, journeys to the depths and starts to see the workers being eaten up by the machines in the scene ‘Slaves of the Means of Production† (14.58-17.52). This symbolises the dystopic society in which workers do not have the right to be safe. This idea forms a contextual connection to the 1920’s Weimar Republic where there were two distinct classes, the conservative elite, who were free to live at their will, and the workers who were forced to endure labour with no guarantee for safety. Through the contextual connections of political reform and the shared perspectives of dystopian societies the quote â€Å"the object of power is power† is strongly supported by George Orwell’s ‘1984’ and Fritz Lang’s ‘Metropolis’. Similarly, the quote â€Å"the object of power is power† is also supported by Orwell’s and Lang’s shared perspectives of the rebelling of women and the intertextual connections of the empowerment of women during the times these texts were created. This is made evident through the use of juxtaposition throughout the two texts. In Orwell’s ‘1984’ the dystopic totalitarianism society is suppressed into worshipping Big Brother and dares not to step away from the control of the organisation. The female protagonist in the novel, Julia, however is not as suppressed as she leads the organisation into thinking and begins to rebel against them. This is seen within dialogue between her and Winston when she says â€Å"I’m corrupt to the bone.† This juxtaposition between her and the suppressed masses outlines her rebellion against the tyrant power of the organisation. This links in with the contextual connection to the empowerment of women during the post World War 2 period as a result of women refusing to give up the power they had acquired during the war. Correspondently, Lang also uses this shared perspective of the rebelling of women in his film, depicted through the character of Maria. Maria is displayed as neither a citizen of Metropolis nor a worker in the depths but as a source of optimism and rebellion for the suppressed workers of the depths. Lang uses lighting to juxtapose her from the workers in the depths, illuminating her whilst keeping them in shadowed tones. This juxtaposition emphasises the rebellious mentality of Maria against the dictator of metropolis, Joh Frederson. Even though Maria’s rebellious nature is far more peaceful than Julia’s, she still epitomises  the contextual connections of the empowerment of women as a result of refusing to give up the power they had acquired during World War 1. Through Orwell’s and Lang’s use of juxtaposition, it is evident that the shared perspectives of the rebelling of women and the intertextual connections of the empowerment of women as a result of refusing to give up the power they had acquired during the World Wars, strongly supports the quote â€Å"the object of power is power†. Equivalently, through the use of Orwell’s juxtaposition and Lang’s symbolism, the shared perspectives of the detrimental impact of dictatorship rule and the contextual connections of political reform are shown to strongly support the quote â€Å"the object of power is power†. In Orwell’s ‘1984’ the dictatorship rule of Big Brother in the totalitarianism society is shown to brainwash the populace, making them believe whatever the organisation wishes them to and bending them at their will. This is most prominent in Big Brothers slogan â€Å"WAR IS PEACE. FREEDOM IS SLAVERY. IGNORANCE IS KNOWLEDGE.† This quote is seen multiple times throughout the novel and signifies the total power and control the organisation has among the people, forcing them to believe the illogical and thus taking away their humanity. Through this we can see both Orwell’s shared perspective on the detrimental impact of dictatorship rule and the intertextual connection to political reform as he makes a statement against the dictatorship of Nazi Germany during World War 2. Comparably, Lang also shows his shared perspective on the detrimental impact of dictatorship, however he has done so by the use of symbolism. Lang has showed how the total power of dictatorship can be detrimental to humanity by the way in which the workers move in the depths. He shows them to have rigid, machine like movements symbolising their loss of their humanity to the powerful dictatorship rule. This is seen in the scene â€Å"Slaves of the Means of Production† (14.58-17.52). This also links in with the intertextual connections of political reform as it shows Lang’s approval for the government of the time, ‘the Weimar Republic’ and his disapproval of the old dictator monarchy of the Kaiser. Through Orwell’s use of juxtaposition and Lang’s symbolism, it is evident that the shared perspectives of the detrimental impact of dictatorship and the contextual connections of political reform strongly support the quote â€Å"the object of  power is power†. The quote, â€Å"the object of power is power† is strongly supported by the shared perspectives and intertextual connections of George Orwell’s novel, ‘1984’ and Fritz Lang’s film, ‘Metropolis’. Through the use of techniques such as symbolism and juxtaposition the two texts incorporate shared perspectives of dystopic societies, the rebelling of women and the detrimental impact of dictatorship rule as well as intertextual connections of political reform and the empowerment of women. Through these shared perspectives and intertextual connects it is evident that George Orwell’s quote, â€Å"the object of power is power† is strongly supported in both George Orwell’s 1949 novel, ‘1984’ and Fritz Lang’s 1927 film, ‘Metropolis’.

Current Practice in Project Management an empirical study written by Essay

Current Practice in Project Management an empirical study written by Diana White and Joyce Fortune - Essay Example This essay presents that out of the 995 questionnaires sent to the respondents who belonged from 620 organizations from both public and private sector, only 236 returned for further processing. The data analysis revealed that out of the 16 project types, information technology projects dominated the scene with 25 percent followed by business or organizational change projects with 14 percent. Almost 37 percent of the projects were being carried out for a client organization and the rest were for the host organization. Finance, insurance, and banking sector represented the most number of projects, however, when it came to client organizations transportation, and communication organizations were at the top of the list. The survey appeared to be highly skewed towards large organizations because 66 percent of the respondents identified themselves working for organizations with more than 1000 employees. Most of these projects were huge because a considerable percentage of these projects ha d hundreds of people directly involved. Only 47 percent of the respondents had the title of â€Å"project manager†, however, almost 63 percent did confess regarding managing the project. 43 percent and 33 percent of the respondents stated that they were the main decision makers and they were involved in the decision making process. There was great deal of diversity when it came to project duration because there were projects that lasted only less than 6 months and there were projects, which were stretched out over a period of more than 61 months. (White & Fortune, pp. 2, 2002). Almost 65 percent of these projects were of the duration of 6-24 months. Over 85 percent of the respondents that it was fair for them to classify their projects as successful with six or seven ratings at a scale of 1 to 7 with seven bring highly successful. Budgets, schedule and client requirements were top three criteria for measuring the success of projects. The research also attempted to explore the side effects, whether desirable or undesirable which emerged during or due to the project. Increased business/sales opportunities and greater knowledge of the business were the top two desirable side effects.

Personal Statement to Savannah College of Art and Design

To Savannah College of Art and Design - Personal Statement Example I extended this knowledge freely to my colleagues and helped them set up their own franchise business too. Being their business consultant and a marketing planner gave me a sense of fulfillment as I saw their businesses doing well also. Knowing that diversity in languages is a barrier in communication, I took up a Spring International Language Program in Denver, Colorado. This helped me communicate more efficiently to prospective clients of my Event Management Company particularly to foreign clients. This language knowledge would help me understand school assignments and communicate with professors and co-students more clearly and will not be a bother in my study. I do not consider this as a limitation of my ability, but rather a motivating factor to reach out and be able to adopt the campus culture. My hands-on experience of my own Event Management Company in Saudi stimulated me to think of innovative ways to work to present events in a more swaying and persuasive manner. This motivation led me to pursue a career in motion design. The area that fascinates me most is how ideas are transformed into promotion, advertising and art with the use of principles and tools of motion media. The use of technology in transforming the works in animation, and on line promotion is an area where I would like to focus on. As I thread along the campus life once again, I am sure the wealth of my experiences in the marketing field will be a dynamic factor of guidance in my chosen profession. My ultimate goal is to finish higher studies that will help me explore more ideas and opportunities that will ultimately benefit my business and help me attain the next stages of my career and personal ambition. I hope to settle my passion for arts in your school as I believe you prescribe the same

Ethics Article Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethics Article Analysis - Essay Example imbroglio, President Obama called Wall Street bankers "shameful" for giving out nearly $20 billion in bonuses while the government bailed out financial institutions (Herald Tribune, 2009, Jan 29). Whelan, in his article, â€Å"Spirituality and the Global Financial Crisis† (2009), raises pertinent questions: How was this allowed to happen? What ideology, what policy, what abuses made this possible? Were there any warnings? And if so, why were they ignored?† The writer also argues on the ethical propriety of top CEOs amassing huge wealth amidst such epic financial crisis. On a spiritual note, society craves for joy in life. And what is J-O-Y? Jesus-Others-You: necessarily in that order. But our capitalist, consumerist approach to life, is otherwise. Enjoy has verily turned into, end-joy! The common person’s bafflement has naturally turned into anger. Questions about moral and ethical values in society are beginning to surface, especially, in the corporate arena. The financial crisis provides an opportunity for somber introspection, contemplation, and reflection on the foundations of human values on which corporate, and business edifices are built. Ethical considerations in financial management and decision making should focus on the societal and national goals. As Whelan puts it, â€Å"spirituality is living relationships. Spirituality can transform the culture and support the new economic structures and government regulations intended to foster and protect the common good.† Whilst business managers seek to maximize profit to delight investors of their companies, presumably legally, it is equally important to examine, can profits accrue by being good? Is there an incentive for being good? The reward of being good is goodness itself. It has a long term spread of happiness that only grows. Hooker candidly asks, â€Å"Business management is all about making the right decisions. Ethics is all about making the right decisions. So what is the difference between the

Mastery of Course Objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mastery of Course Objectives - Essay Example You can call me by various names viz. trainer, instructor, faculty member etc. I basically teach the apprentices who join us from time to time. I feel a sense of accomplishment when my students move from strength to strength. I would like to formalise this inclination for teaching. I want to join a college nearby as a clinical instructor. I want to take baby steps and reach the pinnacle of my field. I have a crucial role to play in leading them in their careers. I bring together nurses from diverse backgrounds, personal, and to some extent, educational, onto a single nursing platform. Being in the academic field, I can only be complete through further education. I want to enrol in doctorate programs which can give me the academic edge that others have over me. This would mean a steep learning curve, but I am prepared to go all the way to pursue my goal. Even the duration of my continued education is not an issue as long as I am the best in my field. Mastery of Program Objectives To b ecome a nurse educator, I need to know the objectives of the course that I have selected. I should understand the implication of each goal and how it can assist me in my career. I describe briefly below some of the important program objectives in the context of nurse education. In a traditional nursing setting, a faculty member is only expected to teach. However, this job goes beyond just teaching. It involves moulding the students and making them good nurses. It requires not only theoretical knowledge, but the practical implementation of theory. Moreover, research is required to take it to a higher level. I need to constantly update and upgrade my knowledge to succeed in this service oriented sector. I was under the impression that scholarship limits itself to research. â€Å"Boyer outlines four †¦ functions of scholarship †¦ discovery, integration, application and teaching† (Boyer Model of Scholarship). Discovery relates to the search of new information, whereas i ntegration is placing isolated facts in perspective. Application is putting knowledge into practice to serve the community and the campus. Finally, teaching is gaining mastery over knowledge and presenting it to others in an understandable form. I am also aware that education cannot be imparted in isolation. It needs to be linked to the practice of the field. As a member of the education committee in my ED department the ideas and strategies learned through this course were helpful in evaluating and revising our orientation program for our newly hired graduates. Hence, faculty scholarship activities can help bridge the gap between academic preparation and the implementation. I realise that I should chalk out my own path for improving teaching. So that students can learn better, I apply knowledge to various clinical settings to get a holistic view of the nursing practice. Hence, I further my career due to the varied experience that I can give to the graduates. At the same time I ensu re that I formalise it by continuing my own education in the nursing area. I keep myself abreast of the latest changes in nursing and nursing education. I diligently follow all journals and manuals in this field. I also plan to contribute to such publications. I ensure that all latest developments are taken up in class for the benefit of students. I also make my students inculcate the habit of regularly reading, discussing and putting to practice what they acquire from such publications.

Security Strengths and Weaknesses of the Internet Essay

Security Strengths and Weaknesses of the Internet - Essay Example â€Å"A basic knowledge of internet security is essential for anyone who uses the web for tasks such as email, networking and shopping† (Paul). Internet security has become one of the main concerns for every individual connected to the internet for any purpose. It is because there are a number of hackers present on the internet continuously trying to break into other computers in order to steal important data or to destroy the important data. Hacking has become so common in today’s world that almost every person who uses internet is a target of hackers. â€Å"Hacking is the process in which a system is tested before it goes into the market for direct use by the customers† (Douglas). Any individual, whether using internet for communication purposes or for information sharing, needs to ensure premium level internet security because hackers not only try to break into such computers which contain highly critical information but also they try to gain control of such c omputers which although do not contain any important information but can be used to hack other computers. There are many security measures, which an individual can take to reduce the chances of internet attacks. â€Å"Internet security fundamentals are designed to protect individual Internet users from security risks which accompany use of the Internet† (Smith). Some of the easiest and most effective security measures include regularly changing the login passwords, setting difficult passwords, downloading a personal firewall.

Study Case (computer Crime) Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

(computer Crime) - Case Study Example According to the sexual exploitation of children’s act, the accused is guilty of transporting visual depiction a sexual misconduct against children. The accused had the duty to verify that the material transported was safe for use and free of any sexual exploitation. However, failure to observe this measure makes the defendant an accomplice to children sexual exploitation. Furthermore, the defendant claimed that the evidence used against him was insufficient to confirm him as guilty. The defendant states that the goods were part of a foreign interstate commerce. The hard drives, as well as the webcam were probably made from Korea or China. However, he depended on his experience and assumed that they originated from Korea or China; thus, free of any sexual videos. It is unlawful to transport videos of sexual exploitation on children. The government requires that individuals trading in foreign computer hardware must be keen to avoid the sale of hardware with consisting of videos that sexually exploit children. The defendant is guilty as he failed to do his job professionally assuming that the place of origin of the hard drive and webcam were safe. On the other, the defendant’s trial was delayed, which is against the sixth amendment. This amendment requires that an accused must face immediate trial when accused of criminal activities. Delayed trial is a violation of an accused sixth amendment’s right (Jordan 123). Nevertheless, violation of the defendant does not make him less guilty or free from the crime committed. The court was provided with adequate evidence to prove that the defendant was guilty. It is rightful for the court to convict the defendant to avoid similar carelessness in future. In the case of Acevado, the defendant was sentenced following a panel of adjudicators’ trial of aiding, and producing and assisting in the creation of a visual portrayal of a minor

Tuberculosis in the Borough of Newham Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tuberculosis in the Borough of Newham - Essay Example This research paper â€Å"Tuberculosis in the Borough of Newham† investigates a disease, infectious in nature, that has affected almost one third of the world population and spread of this killer disease is growing steadily at a pace of 1% of the total population each year. It was widely believed that Tuberculosis has affected the developing countries only because of the poor immune system, they have undergone, but that turned out to be false. Tuberculosis has become a major threat in the United Kingdom over the past decade, and, although most developed countries have achieved substantial methods to reduce the spread of this disease, rates in the UK continue to rise. It is mainly is concentrated in the eastern region of London, in the east and northern parts of Newham - London. This study is intended to discover the reason for which Tuberculosis in UK is a primary issue and the impacts and remedies of this disease. Over the past 20 years, the incidence rate of tuberculosis has doubled in London, though it has remained fairly constant elsewhere in England and Wales. In 2007, 39% of patients with tuberculosis in England and Wales lived in London. The number of TB cases increased severely after 2005, and then it became stable and again continued to rise. It is also seen that the highest number of affected were from the east and North West London, primarily the Newham and Brent location. Newham has always been the places with the most diverse ethnic minority population in the whole UK.

Research report in the field of Web Development and emerging standards Essay

Research report in the field of Web Development and emerging standards - Essay Example ly, UH Solutions is Bizzolutions soft group that conduct their activities based on the latest innovative technologies and prior role of the development teams and engineers for keeping the performance up-to-date towards maintaining the competitive edge of the company in the global environment (Turnbull, 2013). In the real world, the continuous revolutionary approaches in all the spheres and dimensions of technology have imposed enormous impacts over the inhabitant’s lives. To be precise, significant development of Information Technology (IT) has strong impacts over the entire industrial sector especially in the software sector. The emergency of the internet evolves from development of electronic computers with the concept of packet networking. The concept of internet has also been linked to the development of ARPANET by the US Department of Defence’s Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), which is packet-switching network designed to form communication among the ARPA terminals during 60’s. Besides, Paul Baran and Donald Davies have made the first stable linkage among the multiple computers with the use of ARPANET during the year 1969 after ten year of development of initial conceptual network that develop by Paul Baran and Donald Davies. Though at such time the com puter were highly expensive but with the significant development of IT, the use and benefits of internet has been recognise in every sphere of industries (New Media Institute, 2014; Computer History Museum, 2004). Initially, the development of internet has not resulted into the prevalence of the concept of web. Web has been developed with the use of three key protocols including HTML (Hypertext markup language), HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and URLS (Uniform resource locator). Murray Leinster has initially developed this idea in 1946 but the real version has been developed earlier in 80’s when Tim Berners Lee work over the ‘Enquire’ project. ‘Enquire’ consist of database of

Quality education Essay Example for Free

Quality education Essay For years, I have witnessed how the art of teaching had evolved and it keeps on evolving. Every year, the teaching practice is revised; old techniques are changed with new approaches suiting the new generation. Unknowingly, teachers are pressured to cope with all these changes yet with their dedication, they find means to give quality education to us students. With this article, teachers are given a new way to teach young minds. I strongly believe that a child’s first steps to learn language and literacy are the most crucial ones. His first learning and experiences in school will serve as his foundation throughout his life. I could see the importance of teachers in this stage. Thus, teachers should be competent enough to develop the child. The new approach discussed in the article promotes interactive teaching and interactive learning and as a student, I agree with this approach. By using this approach, students are encouraged to talk and participate and as a result given more chance to express their thoughts and ideas in class well making it easy for learning. As I see it for the teachers’ side, it would be more convenient for them to listen to their students’ responses and so they could understand their knowledge and thinking, as well as correct some misunderstandings and misconceptions. On the other hand, it was stated in the article that other teachers might be hesitant to apply this new approach with their fear of losing classroom control, and I understand that since some students, when given freedom to speak, misuse it. Nevertheless, as a learner, I am very open to this approach and I appreciate this article for helping teachers in acquiring new techniques for their profession and also for helping students learn language better which is their foremost step to literacy and quality education.

Ethical Hacking And Attacking Computer Science Essay

Ethical Hacking And Attacking Computer Science Essay It is debatable, if hacking can be ethical or not, the term Hacking over time has been associated with destructive activity. These are some of the terms used in the context of hacking which provides better clarity, Hacker is somebody who enjoys learning hacking for a defensive purpose; an ethical hacker is the security professional who exercises his skills for a defensive purpose. The term Cracker refers to a person who uses his hacking skills for destructive purpose. The ethical question here is in regard to the physical activity of hacking which is sometimes hard to differentiate from cracking. The main difference being, Ethical hacker just identifies vulnerabilities and does not exploit them unlike a cracker. Ethical hacking is the process adopted by ethical hackers to discover the vulnerabilities existing in information systems operating environments. With the growth of internet, computer security has become a major concern for business. Organizations need ethical hackers who can think like a cracker to simulate a real life hacking scenario; they make use of same tools and techniques of that of crackers without damaging / compromising the sensitive information thereby maintaining the integrity and confidentiality of the organization. Ethical hacker should have excellent programming and networking skills. They evaluate the security of target and update the organization regarding the discovered vulnerabilities along with recommendations to mitigate them. Anatomy of a Hack Initially, Hacking meant having extraordinary skills to break into the system. However today there are lots of automated freeware tools available on internet making it possible for anybody having the desire to hack succeed in breaking into the system. These are the 5 phases every hacker must know. Figure 1: Anatomy of an Attack Reconnaissance Reconnaissance is the preparatory phase where an attacker gathers information about the target system prior to launching the attack. This phase might also involve network scanning either internal or external without any authorization. One of the ways for gathering information during this phase may involve Social engineering. A social engineer is a person who smooth-talks and persuades people to reveal personal / sensitive information such as passwords, security policies etc. Social engineering is one of the easiest ways to hack as it requires no technical skills and one of the hardest forms of attack to defend against as humans are the weakest link in the security chain. All security measures taken care by the organization goes in vain when the employees get social engineered. Detecting social engineering attacks are difficult, as there is no tool to detect such attempts, in most of the cases victim themselves are not aware having revealed sensitive information. Rebecca and Jessica are the common terms used, which refer to people who are easy target for social engineering attacks such as a receptionist or a support executive. Dumpster diving is another way of gathering information. It is the process of looking for discarded sensitive information in an organization thrash. It is one of the effective ways of gathering information as it may provide attackers with even more sensitive information such as username, password, ATM slip, social security number, Bank statements. It is important that an organization has appropriate policies in place to protect their assets and also provide proper guidance to employees on the same. Reconnaissance technique can be classified into active and passive reconnaissance. In passive reconnaissance, the attacker does not interact with the system directly but uses social engineering or dumpster diving as a mean to gather information. Where as in a active reconnaissance, the attacker makes use of tools for port scanning, network scanning to get the details of the application, operating system etc. Often reconnaissance phase overlaps with the scanning phase. Scanning Scanning precedes the actual attack and is one of the important phase of information gathering where in the attacker gathers information about the targets IP address , operating system , system architecture , services running in the system in order to find various ways to intrude into targets system. The strategy to launch the attack is based on the gathered information. The risk of an organization is considered high in the scanning phase as it enables access to the network. Different types of scanning are Port Scanning: Procedure for identifying the open ports and the services running on the target system. Network Scanning -Procedure for identifying IP addresses, active hosts on a network either to attack them or as a network security assessment. Vulnerability Scanning -Automates method to identify the known vulnerabilities present in the system and the network. Some of the important tools used during this phase are Nmap which is used for port scanning; it also offers a variety of advanced features such as remote OS detection. Nessus is a vulnerability scanner which detects the local flaws, uninstalled patches and weakness in network hosts. Nessus has a security vulnerability database which is updated on a daily basis. It carries out development of security checks for recent security holes. CEH scanning methodology The diagram below shows the sequence of steps followed in order to scan any network although scanning method may differ based on the objective of the attack. The Attacker starts with checking for the live systems in the network. Once he finds the live system, looks for any open port present in the system to identify the services running on it. The next phase is OS fingerprinting which is nothing but gathering operating system information about the target system. Post which the attacker scans for vulnerabilities present in the target operating system and exploit it. The attacker may also choose to probe the network by making use of proxies. Figure 2: CEH Scanning Methodology Gaining Access This is one of the most important phases for an attack as this is where the actual attack is planted. Therefore the business risk is highest in this phase. Although not a mandatory phase as an attacker need not always gain access to cause damage like in denial of service attacks. The main aim in this phase is to obtain elevated privileges such as system privilege to execute commands to access sensitive information. Maintaining Access Once the attacker gains access into the system or the network, he tries to retain his ownership on the compromised system and periodically attack it. Typically in this phase the attacker tries to install Key loggers to capture the keyboard strokes, sniffers to capture network traffic, rootkits at the kernel level to gain super user access and Trojan horse to gain repeated backdoor access, also download the password files to access the system at a later time. Once the Trojans are in place, the attacker can assume to have gained total control of the system. During this phase the attackers might even harden the system against other attackers by fixing the vulnerability which allowed them to access the system or the network. Clearing Tracks This is where the attacker tries to cover the evidence of his activities for various reasons like maintaining access or legal actions. During this phase the attacker deletes the system logs preventing the system administrator from monitoring the unusual activity, Rootkits are installed as they are effective in covering tracks and also because in some cases they disable logging. Other techniques like Steganography which is used to hide the data in a image or a file, are made used by the attacker in order to cover tracks Typical Hacking Techniques There are several ways an attacker can gain access into the system such as Operating system attacks Application Level attacks Shrink wrap code error Misconfiguration attacks Google Hacking Google Hacking is the art of creating complex search queries in order to gather information of the target system. Google is the primary tool used for Google hacking. Advanced Google operators are used to filter information. Google hacking database identifies files containing password, sensitive directories, vulnerable web pages, error messages containing sensitive information, pages containing firewall logs etc Figure 3: Google advanced search option Basics of Google Hacking Below are some of the basic ways Google is used for hacking Directory Listing Attack: Webpage often accidentally displays files and directories that exist on the web server when top level index file is missing or invalid as directory listing is not taken care of. Most of the times they do not prevent users from downloading files or accessing sensitive information without authorization. Locating directory listing in Google is very straight forward. A query of Intitle: Index.of is the universal search for directory listing Figure 4: Google hacking for Directory Listing An attacker can make use of this information to access sensitive information of the application. Information Disclosure Error messages can disclose a lot of sensitive information about the target like the operating system, network architecture, user information etc. A query of intitle: error fetched 4,070,000 results Figure 5: Google hacking for Information Disclosure Below is the error message displayed by an application. Figure 6: Error message displayed from Google hacking query The error message reveals sensitive information about the target system such as the application is built in asp.net, IIS 4.0, MYSQL database. An attacker can now launch attacks that are vulnerable to these technologies. Sensitive Information: Here are some of the Google search syntaxs to crawl for Sensitive information such as passwords filetype: xls inurl: password.xls -Looks for username and password in ms excel format. intitle: Index of master.passwd -index the master password page index of / backup- Looks for the index backup file on server) intitle: index.of passwd.bak Looks for the index backup password files. intitle: Index of pwd.db- Looks for database password files inurl: user.xls intext: password- Looks for url that save username and passwords in spread sheet files Site Digger, which explores Googles cache to look for susceptibilities ,errors, security loopholes on website and Gooscan which automates queries against Google search engine are some of the other tools used for Google hacking. Certified Ethical Hacker Certification Course (CEH) CEH is the professional certification provided by the international council E-Commerce consultants (EC-Council). Figure 6: CEH Process Apart from EC council, there are other certified hacking course taken by some well known Hackers like Ankit Fadia Certified Ethical Hacker (AFCEH) and also some other vendors like karROX Certified Ethical Hacker Course. Ethical Hacking Services As part of ethical hacking services, Penetration testing which is nothing but creating a real life hacking scenario and trying to break into the system is offered by various vendors. Different tools, technique and methodologies are used to gain entry into that application. The service offered could be either a black box testing (where only the application URL is given) or a grey box testing (where a dummy user account with least privilege is created for the pen testers).Penetration testing will be carried over by a team of dedicated ethical hackers. Some of the key benefits of penetration testing are Find security loopholes which cannot be found through functional testing. Identify business logic flaws which cannot be detected by Code Review. Real world simulation of hacking thereby revealing soft targets for possible attacks. Meet Regulatory Compliance like PCI, HIPAA, GLBA and ISO regulatory compliance. Reduction in web application development security flaws. Development of effective mitigation strategies based on your specific environment The Pen test report provides recommended remediations for the identified attack. Follows the industry standards for security such as OWASP TOP 10 and SANS 25. Commercial tools like Cenzic, Acunetix, and IBM Rational Appscan are some of the widely used tools for Pen Test. Social Engineering Testing is offered as complementary service by some vendors which tests the organizations human firewall by gaining access to an organization and its assets by tricking key personnel over communications medium such as telephone, email, chat, bulletin boards, etc. Acknowledgement Vikram 😛 Related Knowledge Briefs or References Have to check. Summary In recent times Web applications are the target of various forms of attacks. According to a Gartner report 70% of the security attacks are targeted on the web application. Competition is so high that enterprises cant ignore the risk associated with their vulnerable application. Loss incurred could vary from monetary losses to loss of credibility. In certain cases it could mean end of business. You cannot stop an attacker from hacking, the only thing you can do is make it harder to get in. Ethical hackers are the security professionals who use their hacking skills for defensive purpose. The process of ethical hacking would depend on, what is that organization is trying to protect, against whom and how much or resources the organization is ready to spend. The hacking tools are meant for research and educational purpose only and should not be used for destructive purpose. Your Name then enter a short two or three line biography, including your BU/practice and location. Was the information contained in this Knowledge Brief useful? We strive to improve our content by continuously refining it. You can discuss the document, or download the most recent version, from the details page of this Knowledge Brief. Your feedback is appreciated!

Childhood Education

Childhood Education (a) Addition of two key concepts to the writers vocabulary The showing of schooling as ‘monocultural and ‘taken-for-granted practices in schools and centres do not easily support or match those of the children and their families. In universalist truth and monocultural perspective, the culture of one group/class is clearly privileged above the other where human agency may be frail, especially among those with little power, but it happens daily therefore it deserves our attention. In such circumstances what is often silenced is the known socio-historical and cultural world of concerned families, the familiar signs and symbols, and established social and cultural practices and beliefs. Until we appreciate the physical existence, experiences, and knowledges of the traditionally marginalized, our concern for child will never be realized. (Nicola Yelland, Critical issues in early childhood education, p 26-32) The Mosaic Approach, involving a process both the gathering of materials and dialogue, reflection an interpretation of these documents facets of the preschool. It recognizes that children are experts in their own lives and uses range of different ways of documenting childrens views and everyday experiences. It is multi-method recognizing the multiple languages of childhood and adopt the participatory approach by involving children. The UN Child Rights convention also recognized the children participation and importance of their views in matters relating to them. (Gunilla Dahlberg Peter Moss, Ethics and politics in early childhood education: p 158-161) b) Concept needs more study Yelland, in â€Å"critical issues in early childhood education† states that childrens experiences and expectations are determined by their local communities, particular political and economic strata, and specific ethnic and cultural groups. The mono-cultural approach is ethnocentric and that it ignores the range of life contexts and knowledges experienced by children from diverse cultural, ethnic, linguistic and value contexts. Therefore I want to investigate that the current mono-cultural practices prevailing in the preschools and child care centres, is how much detrimental to the children mental and physical development and effects of parents resistance in following such practices. c) Linkage of ideas (a) (b) to child in surrounding As the world becomes a global village, few countries can lay claim to a truly homogeneous population. Today, multicultural diversity characterizes most countries, a factor that has enormous implications in early childhood education. Childrens experiences and expectations are determined by their local communities and particular ethnic or cultural grouping. Muslim origin Australians living in neighbouring environment have specific cultural sensitivity predominantly female and can not be merged into mono-cultural setup. Therefore they need education services that take into account their diverse cultural, economic and ethnic background. Community Reflection a) Central idea a reading: critical issues in early childhood education (Nicola Yelland) Yelland, in â€Å"† portrays that many early childhood educators, researchers and theorists throughout the world are focusing attention on the ecology of childhood. Numerous researchers, as part of an ecological approach to understanding childrens development, have explored family characteristics and how they interact with the community at large. In order to truly children, however, we must select a broader orientation. Development can only be fully understood when it is viewed in the larger cultural context. A child culture may be the mainstream or dominant culture, or it may be one of many subcultures that can found in almost any country. Therefore there is a need for dialogue among early childhood educators, both within their own communities and with colleagues from other countries. This collegial communication deepens early childhood educators understanding of childrens similarities and differences. Therefore, Yelland emphasised that reconceptualists and developmentalists should join together to generate new discourses and to construct actions that actually challenge the power that has been created over children which has led to their being constructed and labeled as ignorant, innocent, and without agency beyond their own developmental explorations. b) Other proposed reading The â€Å"critical issues in early childhood education† examines research across a range of settings on professional development and school readiness and provides a solid foundation of knowledge the early childhood education field needs by viewing childrens native culture in the larger context. In agreement to the above study I would refer to the study â€Å"Multiple literacies in early childhood† of Jones Diaz, Arthur Beecher arguing that early childhood educators need to go beyond developmentalist and constructivist models of literacy which categorise cultural and social difference within fixed boundaries as add on inclusions to mainstream views of language and literacy learning. It explored frameworks of poststructural and critical theories, providing contextually effective starting points to maximize childrens social and cultural capital. The study identified the significance of popular culture and childrens divers literacy practices. It further describes that challenge for early childhood educators is to find out about childrens multiple literacies and integrate these into the program. Reference ___________________ Jones Diaz, Arthur Beecher, Multiple literacies in early childhood. Paper presented at AARE, Sydney University, Dec 4-7, 2000 on line: http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-66494206/multiple-literacies-early-childhood.html

A Midsummer Night’s Dream Essay: The Perspective of Theseus

A Midsummer Night's Dream:  The Perspective of Theseus  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚      In his play, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Shakespeare clearly establishes the feelings of Theseus with respect to love and reason.   Theseus distrusts the nature of love and its effect on people as he states in the following passage: I never may believe these antic fables or these fairy toys. Lovers and madmen have such seething brains, Such shaping fantasies, that apprehend More than cool reason ever comprehends. The lunatic, the lover, and the poet Are of imagination all compact. One sees more devils than vast hell can hold: That is the madman. The lover, all as frantic Sees Helen's beauty in a brow of Egypt. The poet's eye, in a fine frenzy rolling, Doth glance from heaven to earth, from earth to heaven; And as imagination bodies forth The forms of things unknown, the poet's pen Turns them to shapes, and gives to airy nothing A local habitation and a name. Such tricks hath strong imagination That, if it would but apprehend some joy, It comprehends some bringer of that joy; Or in the night, imagining some fear, How easy is a bush supposed a bear (V, i, 3-22)!    Theseus expresses his doubt in the verisimilitude of the lover's recount of their night in the forest. He says that he has no faith in the ravings of lovers or poets, as they are as likely as madmen are to be divorced from reason. Coming, as it does, after the resolution of the lovers' dilemma, this monologue serves to dismiss most of the play a hallucinatory imaginings. Theseus is the voice of reason and authority, but he bows ... ...rs† (V, I, 28-30! Instead of â€Å"Go and fresh days of love accompany your hearts!† (V, I, 28-30) 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Your first paragraph seems to be your first point instead of your introduction.   Your first sentence also appears to be your thesis statement.   Your introduction should incorporate all of the points of your paper.   You are introducing all of them.   So, lengthen your introduction and then for your thesis statement you need to list all of the points that you discuss. In his play, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Shakespeare clearly establishes the feelings of Theseus with respect to love, reason. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When quoting lengthy passages from a Shakespearean play or a poem, you should keep the line formation.   Begin a new line when the author of the passage begins a new line.         

Cultural Engineering of the Poetic Parental Instinct :: Areopagitica John Milton Poetry Essays

Cultural Engineering of the Poetic Parental Instinct It seems that biological genetic engineering is not a contained threat; in the last decade it seems to have spilled significantly into cultural and literary studies. In Renaissance studies, this trend becomes evident in Richard A. Goldthwaithe's Wealth and the Demand for Art in Italy: 1300-1600 (1993) and especially in Lisa Jardine's Worldly Goods: A New History of the Renaissance (1996). These "new histories" of "worldly and wealthy" Renaissance attempt to present consumerism and Thatcherism as the moving spirit of Renaissance society and art. Considering the mere fact that less than 5% of the population could have afforded art, this search for Thatcherite "motions" in Renaissance society and culture seems to correlate, in its result, to what T. S. Eliot defines as artists' search for new emotions in art. Unfortunately, this trend of engineering the cultural history can be observed, albeit in a slightly different form, also in the studies of individual authors and their works, and J ohn Milton and his Areopagitica are no exception. One of the reasons for this trend in Milton studies and this particular pamphlet can be sought in the over-saturation of Areopagitica criticism dealing, to a great extent, with various aspects of authorial intention and textual authority. This particular strain seems to have been brought to the point of absurdity in Paul M. Dowling's Polite Wisdom: Heathen Rhetoric in Milton's "Areopagitica" (1995), a book from which one can conclude, in contrast to earlier criticism (Barker, Kendrick, Belsey), that Milton's main intention for his pamphlet was to be understood at two levels—as suggested in Dowling's title— and to defend simply the freedom of philosophic speech. As D. F. McKenzie has noted, recently there has been a shift of scholarly interest in Milton's Areopagitica from "questions of authorial intention and textual authority to those of textual dissemination and readership" (Miller 26). While this distancing from the authorial intention has resulted in some illuminating works about the world of printing, Renaissance economy, censorship and public sphere (Miller, Sherman, Norbrook), it has also produced some curious side-effects because the critics cannot avoid, in their final analysis, touching upon the authorial intention in the light of their newly made discoveries. Thus, Stephen B. Dobranski suggests that, since Areopagitica is about books, "the reading of the text should begin (but not, of course, end) by placing the pamphlet within the world of printing"

Fight :: essays papers

Fight At a huge party in Long Beach Island, locals show up at the party. The house is small, but it has a front lawn that is a nice size to throw a party. The house and lawn is surrounded by a fence that is sharp at the top to prevent anyone from climbing over it easily. The house is between several other houses that are owned by families. The party is being thrown by kids that only go there for the summers. There is high tension between the locals and the summer kids. Therefore, when the locals showed up, the summer kids immediately threw them out. They were all talking about the incident and laughing. However, it was not over with. The locals came back with more numbers to start a fight. Act I Scene 1 The scene begins with three car loads of local kids pulling up to the house. Jason Gorski, Jeff Storms, Eddie Frost, Rich Mickens, Rob Philops, and Jake Collins are the tough guys that are at the party. The rest of the party is compiled of sailors and girls. The six see them getting out of there cars and start walking fast over to greet them. Jeff: (As he walks counts how many there are. He finds there are well over twelve of them and only six of them, so he makes a strategy of taking as many as he can out quickly.) Rob: (He clenches his fists as he walks, getting pumped up.) Jake: He waits behind the rest because he is not too sure what is to come. Jason: (He is behind the rest with Jake, but doesn’t want to miss any action, so he speeds up to the front.) Jeff: (He goes directly up to one of the locals and head buts him.) The kids nose busts open and blood is poring everywhere. Jeff must have broken the kids nose. Jeff: (After he head buts the one kid, he takes another kid down to the ground with a head in the chest double leg. He repeatedly punched the kid in the face.) The kid was bleeding harshly from his face. Jason: (He walks up to one of the guys and just starts hitting him in the face.

“London” by William Blake with “Composed upon Westminster Bridge” by William Wordsworth Essay

Compare and contrast â€Å"London† by William Blake with â€Å"Composed upon Westminster Bridge† by William Wordsworth and show how each used his poetry to express his views about his life and times. Blake and Wordsworth both display different views and attitudes about the city of London in their poems. They both lived in the same era, Blake lived during the 18th and then on into the 19th century (1757- 1827) and Wordsworth also lived during the 18th and then on into the 19th century (1770- 1850). As the poems were alive in the same era of life they were both alive during the industrial revolution. This was a time when children of a very age were sent up chimneys and were made to sweep them clean. They were used because of their very small size. This turned Wordsworth and indeed Blake against London. They also didn’t like other major cities in the country like Manchester, Birmingham and Liverpool. The main reason why they hated major cities, with London being the largest one was because they hated pollution. They both preferred the countryside and nature to the hustle and the bustle of England’s city environment. Both poets didn’t really like what they saw around them. They were also both romantic poets. In the poem â€Å"Composed upon Westminster Bridge†, by William Wordsworth, the poet is expressing views towards London that are positive. This is unusual for Wordsworth as he normally was against the industrialisation of London. In the poem, Wordsworth is describing the early morning sight of London and in particular Westminster Bridge. He makes out that London looks as beautiful as the countryside without anyone awake and the major; air-polluting factories are empty and quiet. â€Å"The beauty of the morning; silent, bare, Ships, towers, domes, theatres, and temples lie†. A main reason, which turned both of the poets against London, was because of the factories and tall buildings, which were caused by industrialisation. They felt that it ruined the natural beauty that the country has. There is also use of different parts of speech, in particular personification. † This city now doth, like a garment† Also in the poem, which is a sonnet, Wordsworth tries to get the point across to the readers that anyone who doesn’t see the beauty of London at this time in the day would have to be a very insensitive and not appreciate anything that was naturally beautiful in the world. â€Å"Earth has not anything to show more fair: Dull would he be of soul who could pass by, a sight so touching in its majesty†. Wordsworth, who was poet laureate, along with William Blake both believed in Pantheism. This meant that they both saw god in nature. In the poem â€Å"London†, by William Blake, the poet is expressing his real thoughts about London as a whole. That it wasn’t really a nice place to be. Like William Wordsworth he didn’t like London due to the fact that it had become so polluted due to industrialisation. The poem itself, contain four verses, each containing four lines in each verse. The poem is also written in doggerel style, because it is written in a crude and inartistic style. In the poem, Blake is expressing the bad details of London. His thoughts are dark and moody. He compares London to that of a battle site. â€Å"And the hapless soldier’s sigh. Runs in blood down palace walls.† This for me sums up the exact thought of the poet, William Blake about London in general. When Blake was writing this poem, it was mid-night in London. The time of night is important in the poem as it reflects the dark and sombre mood of Blake. Right from the offset in the poem there is criticism of London, as Blake describes how the river has nowhere to go. â€Å"As I wander each chartered street, near where the chartered Thames does flow.† It is like the river is mapped out and has to flow exactly where it is shown on the map. This is because London has lost its natural beauty and is now so unnatural. The people who live in London are always having something to moan about, according to the Poet. This is because they are all so trapped in the City, many want to get out of London because it has become so industrialised and they want it so everything is naturally beautiful. â€Å"And mark in every face I meet, Marks of weakness, marks of woe.† Blake also feels trapped in London with nowhere to turn but to more factories. â€Å"In every cry of every man. In every infants cry of fear, in every voice, in every ban, the mind forged manacles I hear.† Blake uses different parts of speech throughout the poem. â€Å"And blights with plagues the marriage hearse.† An oxymoron is used here because people don’t usually associate marriage with a hearse. The poets William Blake and William Wordsworth both express their own views towards London in their poetry, Blake with the dull view of London and Wordsworth with his unusual praise for London. Many different parts of speech are exercised in each poem for different reasons. But the poets give us their personal view towards London, each in a descriptive way.

Module Title Introduction to Nursing Essay

With reference to credible and relevant evidence, discuss your accountability as a student nurse. Learning outcome 3 will be demonstrated by your use of credible and relevant evidence. My accountability as a student nurse is to be accountable to the patients, families and the general public to which I am caring for. Student nurses must adhere to the guidelines set out by the nursing and midwifery council (NMC) which states â€Å"As a professional, you are personally accountable for your actions and omissions in your practice and must always be able to justify your decisions†. Accountability is integral to professional practice. (NMC) Nurses make judgements in a wide variety of circumstances, and use their professional knowledge, and skills to make a decision based on evidence for best practice and the person’s best interests. Nurses need to be able to justify the decisions they make. Student nurses also have a duty of care which means they have a legal liability with regard to the patient. They must ensure that they perform competently. They must also inform another when they are unable to perform competently (RCN). This means that the task is necessa ry and delegation is in the patient’s best interest, the student nurse must fully understand the task and how it is to be carried out, they must also have the skills and abilities to perform the task competently and also must accept the responsibility to perform the task  competently. The oxford dictionary 2008 defines accountability as â€Å"The obligation of being answerable for one’s own judgements and actions to an appropriate person or authority recognized as having the right to demand information and explanation according to the terms of the NMC code of conduct. A registered practitioner is accountable for his/her own actions as a professional at all times, on or off duty , whether engaged in current practice or not. As a student you are not yet ‘accountable’ as you are not a qualified nurse although a qualified nurse is accountable under the NMC code of conduct, however a student nurse is still responsible for their own actions and behaviour and must act in a professional manner and uphold the profession of nursing, by behaving in a responsible manner and being thoughtful and respectful. A qualified nurse must act to the highest of standards, although as a student you are also still expected to act to the highest standard , as a student nurse you will be provided with support from senior staff and from your mentor because you are still learning and mistakes can happen that’s why support will be provided to allow you to be more confident and learn, as students learn new things everyday as do nurses because the nursing profession is a life-long learning experience. (Bethann Siviter 2013) Nurses and midwives hold a position of responsibility, as patients rely on them. They are professionally accountable to the NMC, as well as having a contractual accountability to their employer and are accountable in the law for their actions. Nurses must act in the best interest of the patients in their care at all times. As a student nurse you are also accountable to the NHS and must report any inappropriate care that is being delivered to a patient if you think that it is not acceptable or appropriate to that particular patient, as the NMC 2008 states that You must inform someone in authority if you experience problems that prevent you working within this Code or other nationally agreed standard. Part 2 Learning outcome 2 With reference to credible and relevant evidence, discuss the principles and importance of good record keeping. Learning outcome 3 will be demonstrated by your use of credible and relevant evidence. The importance of good record keeping is to ensure that you back up everything you do in practice within your nursing profession, as records are legal documents for patients, if anything had to go wrong and was taken to a court of law if the treatment or care that was carried out had not been recorded the court of law would see it, that if it was not recorded it did not happen. The NMC 2008 states that You must ensure any entries you make in someone’s paper records are clearly and legibly signed, dated and timed so that you can provide any evidence that may be needed for a patient to show what treatment you have carried out towards that patient. It is a legal requirement for nurses to fill out records as soon as they possibly can after the treatment or care has been carried out on a patient, as the NMC states that You must complete records as soon as possible after an event has occurred. Good record keeping and documentation can be a vital means of recollection for nurses face d with litigation. Having detailed and substantial evidence is likely to be influential in such circumstances. Record keeping is an essential part of good nursing practice. and is considered to be a basic nursing tool when caring for patients. It is important that nurses and also student nurses carry out good practice and adhere to the guidelines regarding record keeping, ensuring it is up to date and an accurate account of treatment, care planning and delivery which is appropriate to each patient. The Code of Professional Conduct (NMC,2002) states that good note-taking is a vital tool of communication between nurses. Wherever practicable should be written with the involvement of the patient and completed as soon as possible after an event has occurred. Having clear accurate records to refer back to enables the nurse having evidence to relate to, this allows the nurse to have an accurate account of what happened. According to The Nursing and Midwifery Council (2009) good record keeping is an integral part of practice and is essential to be able to provide safe and effective care to patients. They highlighted that good record keeping is highly important to improve communication between healthcare professionals. It helps to support the delivery and continuity of patient care, It helps to demonstrate clinical judgements and decision making and identifying any possible risk for patients. Good record keeping is also very important when giving over a handover to nurses without having  records, the handover would be incomplete and the next team of nurses would not know what had been going on with the patients, which could possibly affect the wellbeing of patients. Records that are not accurate or incomplete can highlight that poor care has been provided towards a patient. Neat and up to date accurate records indicate a caring and responsible nurse , good record keeping also allows for good communication between colleagues. Part 3 Learning outcome 4 The care of people with dementia is a significant contemporary issue. A key standard of care for people with dementia in Scotland is that people â€Å"are able to be as independent as possible.† (Scottish Government, 2011, p. 10). With reference to credible and relevant evidence, discuss ways in which the student nurse can support this standard. Learning outcome 3 will be demonstrated by your use of credible and relevant evidence. It is the responsibility of a student nurse to be aware of dementia and know about the illness and how it affects people in different ways. A student nurse can support this standard â€Å"people are able to be as independent as possible† by treating patients with dementia as individuals and allowing them choices as this helps to promote dignity to a person and seeing them as a â€Å"person† and not looking at their illness. Student nurses should allow patients choices when carrying out personal hygiene and allowing them to choose their meals as this allows a patient to be able to remain independent and allows them to feel that they are being treated with dignity and respect , sometimes it might be difficult to allow a patient with dementia to remain fully independent as depending on the progression of their dementia will mean what kind of support they will require, however it is important for a student nurse to promote independence at all times whenever possible to allo w the patient to be able to achieve their potential. It is important for a student nurse to provide individualised care to patients with dementia as no two patients will ever be the same and will have different needs. Communication is a fundamental and key skill when caring for dementia patients and is important to try to engage and interact with dementia  patients so that they can be fully understood. Memory aids are a very good way to facilitate communication towards a client with dementia such as memory books can which can help them to remember about their past and families, snap cards and picture books are also a very good way to communicate with patients when allowing them to make choices as this helps to facilitate their communication if they have problems with their speech. The Alzheimer’s society (2013) states that by remaining involved and active, a person with dementia can maintain their skills and independence for longer. Activities can also help people to express how they are feeling and relieve the symptoms of anxiety and depression and can increase social interaction and reduce isolation, as a person with dementia can often feel isolated and alone so it is important for them to get some cognitive stimulation to allow them to feel happy within their environment. A student nurse can support patients with dementia by arranging various activities that are appropriate to clients with dementia as this would help them to remain independent and be able to realise potential in clients with dementia. The Scottish government (2010) has set standards of care so that people can remain as independent as possible to be able to live as normal a life as they possibly can without their illness affecting them in a way that they that they are not able to, as they have the same rights as everyone else and should be treated as an individual. It is very important for a student to support a person with dementia and keep to their daily routine to prevent the patient becoming stressed or anxious as most patients with dementia have a routine as this can help them to remember their daily tasks which helps them to be as independent as possible. References Bethann Siviter The Student Nurse Handbook 3RD Edition P.193 Accountability (Accessed 10.11.13) Elizabeth A. Martin The Oxford Dictionary of Nursing Fifth Edition 2008 P.3 (Accountability) Market House Books Ltd (Accessed 12.11.13) NMC Code of Conduct 2008 (Accountability) http://www.nmc-uk.org/Nurses-and-midwives/Regulation-in-practice/ (Accessed 10.11.13) NMC Code of Conduct 2008 (good record keeping) http://www.nmc-uk.org/Publications/Standards/The-code/Provide-a-high-standard-of-practice-and-care-at-all-times-/ (Accessed 12.11.13) Royal College of Nursing 2011 (The principles of accountability and delegation) http://www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/381720/003942.pdf (Accessed 13.11.13) Duffin C .(2013) raising awareness to support people with dementia in hospital nursing older people vol. 25(5) p 14-16 (Accessed 15.11.13) The Scottish Government (2011) standards for care for dementia in Scotland Edinburgh Scottish government (Accessed 12.11.13) Nursing and midwifery council (NMC) 2008 The code: standards of conduct. Performance and ethics for nurses and midwifes London: nursing and midwifery council (Accessed 10.11.13) NHS Code of Accountability first published 1994 third revision 2013 http://www.ntda.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/CODE-OF-CONDUCT-AND-ACCOUNTABILITY-FOR-NHS-BOARDS.pdf (Accessed 15.11.13) Nursing Times.net published April 2003 VOL: 99, ISSUE: 02, PAGE NO: 26 â€Å"The importance of good record keeping for nurses† (Accessed 14.11.13) Nursing times.net published 13 December, 2007 Record keeping http://www.nursingtimes.net/whats-new-in-nursing/record-keeping/360932.article (Accessed 14.11.13)

If i were a millionaire short Essay

Everyone have dreams andand every dream is unlike with each others. Some of them want to be a teacher, and slightly of them want to be an astronaut, but for me, I have in interesting and marvelous dream. My dream is to become a millionaire. If I were a millionaire, would life have to change for me? Would I overhaul it every(prenominal) on myself and my family.But, how would I do that, I already have all that I want for a palmy and happy living, how and what would I add? Could then I be in a position to stand by others in need, with that money, as, with a million to spare, I could render a lot of help to several people in need. I shall invest few of my money in prize bonds, saving Certificates and the like. In this way I shall not yet hold fast benefit for Myself but besides help my pastoral in its development plans. Further, I shall clear schools and colleges that will realize free education with Board and populate to poor students. I shall Set out on a world tour to know about the living conditions and springer of different nations. It will give me first hand knowledge slightly life in other countries.  I would spend all this money as my contribution towards mans rudimentary needs. Ordercustompaper.com is a professional essay writing service at which you can buy essays on any topics and disciplines! All custom essays are written by professional writers! A storehouse of knowledge would be constructed in the excogitate of a public library, at the doors of which, poor people would get free education. It will contain a large fleck of valuable and rare books. It would help in making the poor, moralistic and self reliant. This library would have books which, besides knowledge, would also give the readers insight into their behaviors. I would also start for the poor only some vocational centres where they would be taught skills by virtue of which, they would, at a later stage be able to get a livelihood. The plight of the poor sick in our country is absolutely heart rending. I would like to ensure give-and-take of  the urban poor in good, well established hospitals. This would be financed by me for at least a few patients.

It 236 Navigation Checkpoint

Check Point: Navigation University of Phoenix/Axia IT 236 January 11, 2010 Benjamin Reine Well the design of my page really is going to be determined on the amount of time I have to complete the assignment/ webpage. I would like it to function like a lot of the website which I go to. I will try to explain the things they do right and the things which are annoying but are set the way they are for security reasons. The first website I will describe is the PayPal website. I visit this website a lot (I have been doing a lot of shopping on eBay lately) and have come to love how easy it is to navigate their website.They also seem to have a lot of security built into their website. For instance if a user sits around on one page for too long it will automatically sign them out and they will have to sign back in. I think this is a great security feature, although it can be a little annoying to have to sign back in. This feature is only useful for banks and websites that deal with sensitive in formation but I feel my website should not feature that but still have some sort of security feature in it. At the current moment I do not know what security features to use with my web page final.Another website I visit a lot and have many features I want to include in my assignment is tiger direct and Newegg. The way the website is setup is awesome and easy to use. Everything is so organized (which is how I want my website to be). They have some flash animations playing showing deals and contests and also have gifs. I included a picture of Newegg’s layout (that is the main page when you first enter the website) and as you see at the top of the website are the categories of everything on the website.As you go over each you section on the top the open to reveal items for that specific section such as computer parts having towers, DVD drives, hard drives, etc. Electronics would have consoles, televisions, mp3 players, etc. This is how I would like my website to function but th e way it seems it may not come to be (I do not know how to create a java menu like that) due to time restrictions and self doubt. Maybe I will get over it and try it but maybe not (time constrictions are the getting the best of me). Another feature I would like to include in my webpage’s is the contact me section at the bottom of a lot of websites.This is important because this would be how users and patrons get in contact with you if problems persist or they want to give suggestions on how to make the website much better. It would include an email or two and maybe a telephone number to get in contact with. Another feature that I saw that really interested me was the way that tiger direct and Newegg’s websites both try to incorporate thee users into contests so they may come back to the website to purchase more items (it is kind of like a advertisement per say) and garner more revenue.This would be a great feature to add to a lot of websites (many of which need this ki nd of thing but never incorporate it). I would add such a thing but since the website is an assignment I will not add it. The last thing that catches my attention on these two websites is the way they use their fonts and wording. I like the way they are setup and how they flow with the page and are not all over the place. I think the website users times new roman as its main font but I may be wrong.I will be using times new roman and probably comic sans for my final. I think it would fit with the type of website that I am trying to do here. I just need to figure out how to incorporate webpage’s to pop up when they are chosen (like going and clicking on forum and it should take you to forum; I do not know how to do that yet). Hopefully by the time week 9 is around to me I can figure it out if not I will instant message my teacher in order to receive some help.

Case 2 research paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Case 2 research paper - Essay Example Nonetheless, with increasing awareness among women as well as government initiatives to guard men and women against malfeasance of the society, more and more people are rising to protest against sexual harassment cases. As a result, the policy makers have also started developing more stringent and defined rules and policies in order to ward off criminals, who escape through loopholes in policies and amendments. The EEOC has set explicit guidelines so as to define sexual harassment. Any unwelcomed sexual advance, physical or verbal conduct or requests for sexual favors will be considered as sexual harassment, when; If such conduct has a purpose or an effect of unreasonable prying on the work performance of an individual or creates a hostile, offensive or intimidating working environment (TWU counseling center, n.d.). In a detailed manner, sexual harassment can be physical, verbal or non-verbal and even, psychological. It can also be in form of unwelcomed gestures or postures. Most of the activities performed by Peter Lewiston fall under the EEOC’s definition of sexual harassment; for instance, giving unwanted letters or materials, which are of sexual nature. Lewiston was constantly giving flowers to Gilbury without informing her and before she arrived in the school, which made her uncomfortable. Another act of sexual harassment pursued by Lewiston was that of pressurizing Gilbury for a date. Even after her rejection, he incessantly asked her to have lunch with him. Lewiston also deliberately touched her head, while having conversation with Gilbury, which made her further uncomfortable and uneasy. Peter also blocked her path, when she was returning from work. All of the above gestures, postures as well as actions pursued by Peter were unwelcomed by Gilbury and can definitely be considered as a case of sexual harassment. Dealing with complaints of harassment is

Analysis of a System, Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Analysis of a System, - Case Study Example The system of this kind is called transport intelligent systems. From the case study on the city highway, it was thought of as the stock of flowing traffic. Therefore, a stock is a foundation of every system (Meadows, 2008). Here the stocks are traffic flows, road, traffic lights, etc. because they can be measured, counted, and visible all the time. 1 Traffic flow variation on the scale of years or decade implies a reduction or an increase in the volume. For an increase in traffic flow means increase in the number of private vehicles amidst the public vehicles while the road network within the city remains constant. Within a decade, traffic flow can be reduced when the number of private vehicles is reduced and the number of public vehicles and increase and also increasing the road network within the city 2 Traffic flow can vary by day of week and/ hours of the day through creating many access ways to the city centre to reduce traffic congestion on the road. Traffic flow can be high on the working day of the week especially when there is a significant event taking place, for example, national celebrations such as Independence Day, etc. and on this day traffic flow become so high compared to any other days of the week. Traffic flow can in hours of the day, taking the morning hours (starting from 7:00 am to 8:30 am) when people are rushing to their work. At this time the traffic, volume is very high and reduces starting from 9:00 am when most people have reached their workplaces (Meadows, 2008). Then from 5:00 pm, the traffic flow starts increasing up to 7:00 pm when most people have reached their homes. 3 Traffic flow can vary with distance from the city due to presence of junction on the road; where there is a road junction at far distance from the road traffic diverts and leave the city centre with less traffic therefore leading to a reduction in traffic flow. Where there is a road

Who do you think you are Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Who do you think you are - Essay Example Further, as far as my future life is concerned, I must enroll myself in courses that give a good value and which make me feel proud of who I am. Another aspect of my personality is that my confidence has always been at its top level. It has made me realize that nothing in life is unachievable and one needs to go out there and work his best to find out the success that is hidden. The right skills that I possess make me feel confident with every passing day and for this reason my goals become attainable. My future considerations get strengthened with the confidence that has been fed in my personality and which allows me to give my best no matter how tough or trying the circumstances turn out to be. I see a number of opportunities coming up for me in the future which is something that is a plus at any time. Adding to the aspects that are significant within my personality make-up, I am having good physical health which is a definite plus as well. It gives me a solid chance to perform at my very best within my work domains and live my life to the maximum. Since everyone wishes to live a long life, my desire is the same nonetheless. I believe if I remain fit and healthy, nothing can take away the happiness that I have. I am a friendly individual who believes in social behavior to the maximum possible levels. I am good at making friends with people and get along with them quickly. This is one of my biggest strengths and I enjoy it a lot. My personal life is made richer with so many friends around me. It helps me to find out the real side of me that I have. I call them, invite them to go and hang out with me and thus have fun with them all this while. It is a face that some or the other friend is always around me and hence I enjoy their company a lot. What is important here is that I am always available to them whenever they need me. In the end, my profession is that of a registered nurse. As I have

A clue about current socialpolitical issue Essay

A clue about current socialpolitical issue - Essay Example work to pass fundamental values and assumption by using one of the protagonists to show the effect drugs have to young people who engage themselves in drug trafficking. Maria Alvarez work at the rose plantation where she could use the little salary she get to support her family. In her ambition to find a well-paying job and the need to get fulfill Maria, she ends up suffering emotional and psychologically. The author has done his research perfectly, and this enables him to know the major thing that is causing young people to engage themselves in drug trafficking. The argument he present in his play depicts a solid reasoning that Joshua possess as his argument were not based on rumors or wishful thinking hence enabled him to present his work on an empirical manner. The author has tried to convince his audiences that poverty is the main factor that is causing young people like Maria to become mules. However, poverty is not necessary the main cause that is making people be mule but greed is also another factor responsible in causing other people like Maria to join drug traffickers. Therefore, Joshua have is jumping to the conclusion without considering other factors like gluttony which some use to became drug traffickers. Despite, poor economic conditions and moral failures of people such as Lucy, Maria and Blanca, political corruption still contributes to an increase in drug traffickers. Many individual have used their economic and political power to facilitate drug trafficking as they used their political power and money to bribe the police. Therefore, the government must also not concentrate on people like Maria but also on those who are harnessing their financially viable and political power to perpetuate the drug

Keynesian economists Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Keynesian economists - Essay Example The paper also considers the negative impact of government interference in business as per the suggestions of Keynesian economists. Keynesian economics is based on aggregate demand and government intervention. The theory was created by John Maynard Keyes to explain the Great Depression in the 1930s (Samuelson & Nordhaus, 2010). At the time, the classical economics theories assumed that the free market would automatically self-regulate by providing employment and sustain the economy. Goods and services’ total demand in the economy at a specified time is aggregate demand. Prior to Keynesian economics, the assumption was that a decrease in aggregate demand in the economy would result in fewer goods and job opportunities. This would translate to reduced wages and inflation, which would enable employers to invest and create more jobs. However, the great depression disapproved the theory. Many factors influence aggregate demand. During a recession, the decisions made by the private sector may reduce consumer spending (Higgins, 2013). Similarly, prices and wages gradually respond to the fluctuations of demand an d supply causing shortages or surpluses in employment opportunities. Keynesian economists hold that government intervention plays a key role in solving the problem of insufficient aggregate demand. Aggregate demand represents the spending of the government, public and private sector. Insufficiency in aggregate demand comes about when the spending of all these sectors reduces. The government is in a position to solve the problem of insufficient aggregate demand through active policies like fiscal stimulus package and job creation, which increases spending and restores aggregate demand. Many theories against government interference with business find unbalanced government budgets disturbing for the economy (Higgins, 2013). Nonetheless, Keynesian economists find that government intervention

Spatial City Park and Ride Transport Planning Essay

Spatial City Park and Ride Transport Planning - Essay Example The system is meant to have people park their cars, motorcycles and bicycles at a given place the take a ride in larger vehicle like a bus to complete their journey. The destinations include offices, market places, banks, schools, hospitals, residential areas, entertainment spots, leisure parks, airports, railway stations and city exit highways among others. The transport system must therefore be designed in a way that enables a smooth transition from a personal to a collective mode of transport (Rondanini, 1981, 42). It is important to note that buses used for this purpose are big and clumsy vehicles that need lots of space to turn, park and take off as the services they offer may demand. The main advantage of buses is that they are cheap to move in because they carry a lot of people at a go thus the passengers benefit from economies of scale. Moreover, despite their clumsiness, they are far more versatile than trams and trains which need more room and rails in order to run. They are therefore an integral part of city transport planning (Le Corbusier, 1985, 81). All the same due to their clumsiness, one of the things to avoid in planning is the idea of the Park and Ride buses moving everywhere in the town thus causing snarl ups and a general bad temper among motorists and pedestrians alike. Buses must have specific routes that they use so as to avoid this unpleasant eventuality. However, these routes will prove to be of little use if they do not get the passengers as close to where they wish to go as possible (Le Corbusier, 1985, 81). The London Park and Ride System Plan A close look at the London Plan reveals that all these factors were taken into consideration when the transport system was being designed. Though it is not a building, a road design still has to adhere to the three tenets of architecture identified by the Roman architect Vitruvius being firmitas, utilitas, venustas (durability, utility and beauty) (Rowland & Howe,1999, 2). For the transport system, durability depends on utility in that the roads must continue to serve their purposes without the need to change them. The system also needs to be well made overall for aesthetic value (Rowland & Howe,1999, 2). The London bus plan seen in Fig 1 below was actually set up to ensure that all the major areas were either served directly by bus and other light transit forms such as small goods trucks or the transport was available as close to them as possible. The main transit line cuts right across the city from Notting Hill in the west to Liverpool Street in the east across the river Thames. Links were created along this main line connecting other parts of the city northwards and southwards. The East London transit phase connected the transit lines in the east of the city while the several extensions that were made later connected other areas to the north and south. Tramlinks at The Bus Route System Fig. 1 London Bus Routes (Courtesy of Maps of the World, 2011, Croydon, Purley and Sutton to the south served a similar purpose of connecting the southern areas of t he city (The London Plan, 2011). As seen in Fig 1 above most of the bus routes are concentrated around the center of the city between the Marble Arch and Trafalgar Square. This is because the center of the city is naturally where most of the business and tour activities take place hence a high number of visitors. As stated earlier, the design of these transport system cannot fail to take into consideration the aesthetic value and general heritage of the city. The routes were strategically designed to pas as close as possible to the major landmarks of the city. The landmarks include the Buckingham Palace, Westminster Cathedral, Trafalgar Square, The London Bridge and the three parks of Regent’